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|place=China–Vietnam border |casus=Cambodian–Vietnamese War Vietnamese occupation of Cambodia Sino-Soviet split |territory=Small loss of Vietnamese territory along Sino-Vietnamese border to China in Cao Bằng and Lạng Sơn Provinces, namely Nam Quan Gate and half of Bản Giốc Falls.〔Nayan Chanda, "End of the Battle but Not of the War", p. 10. Khu vực có giá trị tượng trưng tinh thần nhất là khoảng 300m đường xe lửa giữa Hữu Nghị Quan và trạm kiểm soát biên giới Việt Nam.〕 |result= Both sides claim victory *Chinese withdrawal from Vietnam *Continued Vietnamese occupation of Cambodia *Continued border clashes between China and Vietnam until 1990 |combatant1= |combatant2= |commander1= Deng Xiaoping Yang Dezhi Xu Shiyou |commander2= Tôn Đức Thắng Lê Duẩn Văn Tiến Dũng Đàm Quang Trung Vũ Lập |strength1=Chinese claim: 200,000 PLA with 400-550 tanks〔Zygmunt Czarnotta and Zbigniew Moszumański, Altair Publishing, Warszawa 1995, ISBN 83-86217-16-2〕〔Zhang Xiaoming, "(China's 1979 War with Vietnam: A Reassessment" ), ''China Quarterly'', Issue no. 184 (December 2005), pp. 851–874. Actually are thought to have been 200,000 with 400 – 550 tanks. Zhang writes that: "Existing scholarship tends towards an estimate of as many as 25,000 PLA killed in action and another 37,000 wounded. Recently available Chinese sources categorize the PLA’s losses as 6,594 dead and some 21,000 injured, giving a total of 24,000 casualties from an invasion force of 200,000."〕 Vietnamese claim: 600,000 PLA infantry and 400 tanks from Kunming and Guangzhou Military Districts |strength2=70,000–100,000 regular force, 150,000 local troops and militia〔King V. Chen (1987): China's War With Việt Nam, 1979. Hoover Institution Press, Stanford University, page 103〕 |casualties1= Vietnamese estimate: 62,000 casualties, including 26,000 deaths.〔Russell D. Howard, (''THE CHINESE PEOPLE'S LIBERATION ARMY: "SHORT ARMS AND SLOW LEGS"'' ), INSS Occasional Paper 28: ''Regional Security Series'', USAF Institute for National Security Studies, USAF Academy, September 1999〕 Chinese estimate: 6,954–8,531 killed 14,800–21,000 wounded〔〔 238 prisoners |casualties2= Chinese estimate: 30,000 killed〔–57,000 soldiers killed and 70,000 militias killed.〔 (Another Chinese source estimates 50,000 casualties) Vietnamese claim: 10,000 civilians killed, no figures of military〔 1,636 prisoners〔〔 }} The Sino-Vietnamese War ((ベトナム語:Chiến tranh biên giới Việt-Trung); ), also known as the Third Indochina War, was a brief border war fought between the People's Republic of China and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in early 1979. China launched the offensive in response to Vietnam's invasion and occupation of Cambodia in 1978 (which ended the rule of the Chinese-backed Khmer Rouge).〔Concerning US backing, as Henry Kissinger in "On China" (p. 372) noted that "American ideals had encountered the imperatives of geopolitical reality".〕 Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping saw this as a Soviet attempt "to extend its evil tentacles to Southeast Asia and...carry out expansion there", which reflected the long-standing Sino-Soviet split.〔Kissinger, H. On China, Penguin, New York, p.346〕 As the former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger noted that "()hatever the shortcomings of its execution, the Chinese campaign reflected a serious, long-term strategic analysis".〔Kissinger, H. On China, Penguin, New York, p. 370.〕 The Chinese entered northern Vietnam and captured some of the cities near the border. On March 6, 1979, China declared that the gate to Hanoi was open and that their punitive mission had been achieved. Chinese forces retreated back across the Vietnamese border into China. Both China and Vietnam claimed victory in the last of the Indochina Wars of the 20th century; as Vietnamese troops remained in Cambodia until 1989, it can be said that China failed to achieve the goal of dissuading Vietnam from involvement in Cambodia. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Sino-Vietnamese border was finalized. China demonstrated to its Cold War Communist adversary, the Soviet Union, that they were unable to protect their new Vietnamese ally. Following worsening relations between the Soviet Union and China as a result of the Sino-Soviet split, as many as 1.5 million Chinese troops were stationed along the Soviet-Chinese border, in preparation for a full-scale war. ==Names== The Sino-Vietnamese War ((ベトナム語:Chiến tranh biên giới Việt-Trung)) is also known in English as the Third Indochina War, to distinguish it from the First Indochina War, and the Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War. The war is also known in Vietnam as the ''War against Chinese expansionism'' (Vietnamese: ''Chiến tranh chống bành trướng Trung Hoa''). In China, the war is referred to as the ''Defensive Counterattack against Vietnam'' (). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sino-Vietnamese War」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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